Diabetes mellitus or simply known as Diabetes is a disease in which the blood glucose, or sugar, levels are too high. Diabetes is characterised by of disorder in metabolism i.e., the way our bodies use digested food for growth and energy, and inappropriately high blood sugar or hyperglycemia.
About Diabetes - Symptoms of Diabetes and its effects
Some of the characteristic symptoms of diabetes are excessive urine production, excessive thirst and increased fluid intake and blurred vision. Having too much glucose in blood can damage the eyes, kidneys, and nerves. High blood sugar can also cause heart disease and stroke. Diabetes is rapidly spreading around the world and is leading cause of death and disability.
What are the classifications or types of diabetes?
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus
- Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
- Gestational diabetes
Of these two commonly found and chronic conditions are the first two, i.e. Type 1 diabetes and Type 2 diabetes.
Type 1 Diabetes
An autoimmune disease results when the body's system for fighting infection (the immune system) turns against a part of the body. Insulin dependent Juvenile Diabetes (IDDM-Type I) diabetes is an autoimmune disease, and in the case of Type 1 diabetes the immune system attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. This causes the pancreas to produce little or no insulin. Thus the body is unable to produce insulin. Type 1 diabetes patients are required to take insulin daily to live. Type 1 diabetes develops mostly in children and young adults but can appear at any age.
Type 2 Diabetes
Non Insulin Dependent Adult Onset Diabetes (NIDDM-Type II) is the most common form of diabetes in which the pancreas produces insulin, but it is insufficient for reducing the blood glucose to normal levels. About 90 to 95 percent of people with diabetes have Type 2 Diabetes. Symptoms of Type 2 diabetes include fatigue, thirst, weight loss, blurred vision and frequent urination but in some cases there may not be any symptoms at all.
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Gestational diabetes
Gestational diabetes is similar to Type 2 diabetes and is developed by some women during late in pregnancy. If given proper medical attention during pregnancy period, this form of diabetes disappears after delivery. About 20-50 percent of women affected by gestational diabetes develop Type 2 diabetes within 5 to 10 years.
Causes of Diabetes
- Lack of exercise
- Excessive sleep
- Hereditary factors
- Over eating and consequent obesity
- Mental stress and strain
Symptoms of Diabetes
- Constant feeling of hunger and thirst
- Possible anemia, constipation, itching around genital organs, palpitation.
- Excessive urine formation & Frequent urination
- Quick exhaustion and Drowsiness
- Burning of palms and soles
- Weight loss
- Low sexual urge
- Slow healing of wounds
Effects of Diabetes
- Heart attacks
- Strokes
- Damages the eyes or even blindness
- Nerve damage
- Amputation of Limb
- Impotence in men
- Itching
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